By Oluchi Omai
21 September 2025 - Carbon dioxide (CO₂) may be invisible, but its impact is anything but. From rising temperatures to erratic weather patterns, the effects of excessive CO₂ emissions are being felt in every corner of the globe. The urgency to reduce it is no longer a scientific debate—it’s a human one.
Why CO₂ Matters More Than Ever
CO₂ is the most prevalent greenhouse gas released through human activities, primarily from burning fossil fuels for energy, transport, and industry. While it’s naturally present in the atmosphere, human-induced emissions have pushed levels to record highs. The result? Climate change, environmental degradation, and health risks.
According to the World Meteorological Organisation, global CO₂ concentrations reached 420 parts per million in 2024—levels not seen in over 3 million years.
Case Study: Calabar, Nigeria – When Rain Doesn’t Come
In tropical Africa, communities like Calabar in Cross River State are witnessing the consequences firsthand. Farmers who once relied on predictable rainfall now face prolonged dry spells and flash floods. “We used to know when the rains would come,” says Mama Eno, a cassava farmer in Akpabuyo. “Now, we plant and pray.”
Deforestation and fuel combustion are major contributors to Nigeria’s CO₂ emissions. Yet, the country also holds immense potential for carbon reduction through reforestation and renewable energy. The Nigerian government’s Energy Transition Plan aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2060, but grassroots action is needed now.
Case Study: Kerala, India – Battling the Heat and the Health Crisis
In Asia, Kerala has seen a surge in heat-related illnesses and flooding events. The state’s lush backwaters and agricultural zones are under threat. “We had to shut schools for a week because of the heatwave,” says Dr. Anjali Menon, a public health officer in Kochi. “Children were fainting. It’s not just climate—it’s a health emergency.”
India is the third-largest emitter of CO₂ globally, but it’s also investing heavily in solar energy and electric mobility. The challenge lies in balancing development with sustainability. Kerala’s Green Protocol, which promotes eco-friendly practices at public events, is a small but powerful step forward.
Case Study: Kent, United Kingdom – From Floods to Food Insecurity
In Europe, Kent has experienced unprecedented flooding, damaging homes and farmland. “We lost an entire season’s crop,” says Tom Hughes, a third-generation farmer near Canterbury. “The soil was too wet to plant, and then too dry to grow.”
The UK has committed to reducing emissions by 78% by 2035 compared to 1990 levels. Initiatives like the Clean Heat Market Mechanism and carbon pricing are helping, but experts warn that behavioural change is just as crucial.
What Experts Are Saying
“Reducing CO₂ is not just about saving the planet—it’s about saving lives,” says Dr. Fatima Ahmed, climate scientist at the African Centre for Climate and Policy. “Every tonne we cut today prevents suffering tomorrow.”
Sir David King, former UK Chief Scientific Adviser, adds: “We are in a race against time. The technologies exist. What we need is political will and public pressure.”
What You Can Do Today
- Switch to clean energy: Solar panels, biogas, and energy-efficient appliances make a difference.
- Plant trees: Reforestation is one of the most effective carbon sinks.
- Reduce car use: Walk, cycle, or use public transport when possible.
- Support climate policies: Vote for leaders who prioritise sustainability.
- Educate others: Awareness is the first step to action.
Final Thoughts
CO₂ reduction isn’t just a global goal—it’s a personal responsibility. Whether you’re a farmer in Calabar, a teacher in Kerala, or a shopkeeper in Kent, the choices we make today shape the world our children will inherit.
The time to act is not tomorrow. It’s now.
0 Comments